{"id":5096,"date":"2026-06-29T09:39:15","date_gmt":"2026-06-29T06:39:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tazehayat.com.tr\/?p=5096"},"modified":"2026-06-29T09:39:18","modified_gmt":"2026-06-29T06:39:18","slug":"9-madde-ile-haziran-sicaklarinda-tarla-yonetimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tazehayat.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/06\/29\/9-madde-ile-haziran-sicaklarinda-tarla-yonetimi\/","title":{"rendered":"9 Madde ile Haziran S\u0131caklar\u0131nda Tarla Y\u00f6netimi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

9 Madde ile Haziran S\u0131caklar\u0131nda Tarla Y\u00f6netimi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.Haziran s\u0131caklar\u0131nda tarla y\u00f6netimi, Sulama, G\u00fcbreleme ve Bitkiyi Koruma Nas\u0131l Olmal\u0131?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Haziran s\u0131caklar\u0131nda tarla y\u00f6netimi nas\u0131l olmal\u0131.Haziran ay\u0131 ile birlikte hava h\u0131zla \u0131s\u0131n\u0131r, toprak suyu daha \u00e7abuk kaybeder. \u00d6zellikle Trakya gibi killi ve a\u011f\u0131r kepir topraklarda bitkinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck problemi mutlak susuzluk de\u011fil, yanl\u0131\u015f sulama ve k\u00f6klerin havas\u0131z kalmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde do\u011fru y\u00f6netim yap\u0131lmazsa bitki su alsa bile geli\u015femez, g\u00fcbre verildi\u011fi halde fayda g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. G\u00fcbreler ve Bitki Besleme Rehberi<\/a> yaz\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz.
\"\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Sulama: En Kritik Konu. Bitki Neden Strese Girer?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bitki s\u0131cak havada kendini korumak i\u00e7in yapraklar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6zenekleri kapat\u0131r. Ama\u00e7 s\u0131caktan ka\u00e7mak de\u011fil, i\u00e7indeki suyu kaybetmemektir. G\u00f6zenekler kapan\u0131nca bitkinin besin \u00fcretimi yava\u015flar ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme durur. Bu her zaman “toprakta su yok” demek de\u011fildir; bazen toprakta su vard\u0131r ama a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kuru s\u0131cak ve r\u00fczg\u00e2r y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bitki o suyu yukar\u0131 \u00e7ekip kullanamaz.\"\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.En B\u00fcy\u00fck Hata: Fazla Su (K\u00f6k Bo\u011fulmas\u0131)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Killi topraklarda bir kerede \u00e7ok su verilirse toprak hava almaz, k\u00f6k oksijensiz kalarak fel\u00e7 olur. K\u00f6k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bitki, alt\u0131 su dolu oldu\u011fu halde susuz kalm\u0131\u015f gibi solar.
Alt\u0131n Kural: Toprak \u00e7amur olmayacak, sadece nemli (tav\u0131nda) kalacak. Az ama d\u00fczenli su en do\u011frusudur.
\"\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Sulama,<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4.\u00d6\u011fle Sulamas\u0131 Do\u011fru mu?<\/mark><\/h3>\n\n\n\n


A\u00e7\u0131k tarlada \u00f6\u011fle saatinde sulama yap\u0131lmaz. Su daha topra\u011fa de\u011fmeden h\u0131zla buharla\u015f\u0131r ve verim d\u00fc\u015fer. Yaprakta kalan su damlalar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcte\u00e7 gibi yapra\u011f\u0131 yakmaz. As\u0131l sorun \u015fudur: S\u0131cak havada su h\u0131zla buharla\u015f\u0131rken, suyun i\u00e7indeki kire\u00e7 ve tuzlar yaprak y\u00fczeyinde kal\u0131r. Bu yo\u011fun tuz tabakas\u0131 yapra\u011f\u0131n koruyucu d\u0131\u015f derisini (kutikula) bozarak bitkiyi zay\u0131flat\u0131r ve yakar.

Bu serinletme y\u00f6ntemi sadece modern seralardaki sisleme sistemlerinde g\u00fcvenlidir.
En Do\u011fru Sulama Zaman\u0131 ve Y\u00f6ntemi:
Sabah Erken (04:00 \u2013 08:00): En g\u00fcvenli ve verimli zamand\u0131r.
Ak\u015fam Serinli\u011fi: \u0130kinci en iyi se\u00e7enektir.<\/mark>

Damla Sulama: Gece boyunca g\u00fcvenle yap\u0131labilir. Buharla\u015fma s\u0131f\u0131r oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in en verimli y\u00f6ntemdir. Yaz\u0131n genelde haftada 2\u20133 kez, topra\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re ayarlan\u0131r.

Ya\u011fmurlama: Gece boyunca yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Gece yap\u0131lan ya\u011fmurlama yapra\u011f\u0131 sabaha kadar \u0131slak b\u0131rak\u0131r ve mantar hastal\u0131klar\u0131na davetiye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Sabah erken veya ak\u015fam\u00fcst\u00fc yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/mark>

En B\u00fcy\u00fck Hata: Fazla Su (K\u00f6k Bo\u011fulmas\u0131)
Killi topraklarda bir kerede \u00e7ok su verilirse toprak hava almaz, k\u00f6k oksijensiz kalarak fel\u00e7 olur. K\u00f6k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bitki, alt\u0131 su dolu oldu\u011fu halde susuz kalm\u0131\u015f gibi solar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alt\u0131n Kural: Toprak \u00e7amur olmayacak, sadece nemli (tav\u0131nda) kalacak. Az ama d\u00fczenli su en do\u011frusudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Meyvede Kararma (\u00c7i\u00e7ek Burnu \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Domates, biber ve patl\u0131canda g\u00f6r\u00fclen alt k\u0131s\u0131m kararmas\u0131, do\u011frudan bir kalsiyum ta\u015f\u0131ma problemidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neden Olur?<\/mark>
Her zaman toprakta kalsiyum eksikli\u011fi demek de\u011fildir. Kalsiyum bitkide sadece su kanallar\u0131 yoluyla ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. D\u00fczensiz sulama (topra\u011f\u0131 bir kurutup bir a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131slatmak), a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cak, y\u00fcksek toprak tuzlulu\u011fu ve k\u00f6k zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsa kalsiyum meyvenin ucuna gidemez ve o b\u00f6lge karar\u0131r.

En S\u0131k Yap\u0131lan Hata nedir?<\/mark>
Belirti g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr g\u00f6r\u00fclmez bodoslama kalsiyum nitrat y\u00fcklemek. E\u011fer k\u00f6k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yorsa veya toprak zaten tuzluysa bu g\u00fcbre i\u015fe yaramaz.

\u00d6nce \u015fu 3 soru kontrol edilmelidir: <\/mark>
a) Sulama d\u00fczenli mi?
b) K\u00f6k sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 m\u0131?
c) G\u00fcbreleme y\u00fcz\u00fcnden toprakta a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 tuzluluk (EC) var m\u0131?

Kalsiyum G\u00fcbresi Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131lmal\u0131? (G\u00fcvenli Aral\u0131k)<\/mark>
Damla Sulama \u0130le: Meyve tutumundan itibaren ceviz b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne gelene kadar haftada dekara 2 \u2013 4 kg Kalsiyum Nitrat verilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok Kritik Uyar\u0131: Kalsiyum nitrat\u0131n i\u00e7indeki azot fazlas\u0131 bitkiyi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yaprak ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn yapmaya zorlar. H\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen yapraklar kalsiyumu meyveden \u00e7alar, kararma daha da artar. Ayr\u0131ca k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesinde tuzluluk t\u0131rman\u0131rsa su al\u0131m\u0131 baltalan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m Riski: <\/mark>Kalsiyum g\u00fcbreleri fosforlu ve s\u00fclfatl\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerle ayn\u0131 tankta kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaz. Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa al\u00e7\u0131 olu\u015fturur ve damlama sistemini t\u0131kar.

Yaprak Uygulamas\u0131: <\/mark>10 g\u00fcn arayla, ak\u015fam serinli\u011finde 100 litre suya 300 \u2013 400 gram kalsiyum \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frudan meyveleri de \u0131slatacak \u015fekilde p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fcl\u00fcr.

Denge \u00c7ok \u00d6nemli.
Bitkide Kalsiyum (meyve kalitesi), Potasyum (su dengesi ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k dayan\u0131m\u0131) ve Magnezyum (ye\u015fil aksam\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131) ayn\u0131 kap\u0131dan k\u00f6ke girer. Sorun kalsiyum vermek de\u011fil, potasyum ve magnezyumu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kalsiyum y\u00fcklemektir. Dengeli besleme \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u2013 Haziran D\u00f6nemi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

En Kritik D\u00f6nem: <\/mark>\u00c7i\u00e7eklenme ve Dane Dolumu
Bu d\u00f6nemde su stresi ya\u015fan\u0131rsa verim ciddi \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015fer. Su imkan\u0131 varsa mutlaka bu d\u00f6neme saklanmal\u0131d\u0131r.

Bor + Potasyum G\u00fcc\u00fc :<\/mark>
\u00c7i\u00e7eklenmeden hemen \u00f6nce yapraktan Bor g\u00fcbrelemesi (s\u0131v\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde dekara 100-150 cc) yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bor eksik olursa polenler ya\u015famaz, tabla ortas\u0131 bo\u015f kal\u0131r (kofla\u015fma olur). Potasyum ise bu borun ve suyun kafaya ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.

Saha Uyar\u0131s\u0131 (\u00c7atlak Toprak Y\u00f6netimi)<\/mark>
Trakya\u2019n\u0131n killi kepir topraklar\u0131 kurakl\u0131kta derin \u00e7atlaklar a\u00e7ar. Kurumu\u015f topra\u011fa bir anda y\u00fcksek debili salma su verirseniz k\u00f6k bo\u011fulur ve k\u00f6k bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 patlar.

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm: <\/mark>Su yava\u015f ve kontroll\u00fc verilmelidir. E\u011fer ya\u011fmurlama yap\u0131l\u0131yorsa, hatlar s\u0131k d\u00f6\u015fenmeli ve \u00e7atlaklar kapanana kadar k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli, fas\u0131lal\u0131 (kesintili) sulama yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Zararl\u0131lar ve \u0130la\u00e7lama<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

En \u00d6nemli Zararl\u0131lar:<\/mark> Ye\u015fil Kurt ve K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00d6r\u00fcmcek
\u0130la\u00e7lama Zaman\u0131: Kesinlikle r\u00fczgars\u0131z havada ve ak\u015fam serinli\u011finde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131cakta yap\u0131lan ila\u00e7lama buharla\u015f\u0131r, bo\u015fa gider ve bitkiyi yakabilir. R\u00fczgarda ise ila\u00e7 u\u00e7ar, hedefe ula\u015fmaz.

Ek Saha Uyar\u0131s\u0131 (Toz Tuza\u011f\u0131)<\/mark>
Tarla kenar\u0131ndaki toprak yollardan kalkan tozlar bitki yapraklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine yap\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Tozlu ve kuru ortam nemi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr ve K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00d6r\u00fcmce\u011fin deli gibi \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131na neden olur. Bu y\u00fczden yol kenar\u0131ndaki s\u0131ralar\u0131 daha s\u0131k kontrol edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. Meyve A\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 (Kiraz \u2013 Zeytin)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kiraz (Ziraat 900): <\/mark>Hasat bittikten sonra a\u011fa\u00e7 i\u00e7ini a\u00e7mak ve hava sirk\u00fclasyonunu art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hafif yaz budamas\u0131 (obur ve i\u00e7e d\u00f6n\u00fck ince dallar\u0131n al\u0131m\u0131) yap\u0131l\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131r budama yap\u0131lmaz; yap\u0131l\u0131rsa a\u011fa\u00e7 strese girer ve gelecek y\u0131l\u0131n meyve g\u00f6zleri k\u00f6relir.

Zeytin:<\/mark> Zeytin sine\u011fi i\u00e7in bah\u00e7eye besi ve feromon tuzaklar\u0131 as\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak sadece tuza\u011fa bakarak ila\u00e7lama yap\u0131lmaz. Meyveler g\u00f6zle kontrol edilmelidir.

Kritik Ekonomik E\u015fik: <\/mark>Zarar oran\u0131 sofral\u0131k zeytinde %1\u20132, ya\u011fl\u0131k zeytinde ise %6\u20138 d\u00fczeyine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kimyasal m\u00fccadeleye karar verilmelidir. Zaman\u0131ndan \u00f6nce veya gereksiz ila\u00e7lama maliyeti art\u0131r\u0131r, faydal\u0131 b\u00f6cekleri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. Yaprak Sararmas\u0131 (Demir Klorozu Problemi)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n


Belirti :<\/mark>Gen\u00e7 yapraklar sarar\u0131r ama yapra\u011f\u0131n damarlar\u0131 yemye\u015fil kal\u0131r.

Neden Olur?<\/mark>
A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sulama y\u00fcz\u00fcnden topra\u011f\u0131n suya bo\u011fulmas\u0131, havas\u0131z kalmas\u0131 veya y\u00fcksek kire\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden demirin kilitlenmesidir. K\u00f6k hava alamay\u0131nca topraktaki demiri ememez.

En S\u0131k Yap\u0131lan Hata nedir?<\/mark>
\u00c7ift\u00e7i bu sararmay\u0131 “azot (\u00fcre) eksikli\u011fi” san\u0131r ve tarlaya azot basar. K\u00f6k zaten bo\u011fulmu\u015fken at\u0131lan fazla g\u00fcbre, topra\u011f\u0131n tuzlulu\u011funu (EC) art\u0131r\u0131r, durumu daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftirir ve bitkiyi tamamen kurutur.

Ne Yapmal\u0131?<\/mark>
Sulamay\u0131 Kesin: Toprak kurutulur ve k\u00f6klerin hava almas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r.

Yapraktan Acil M\u00fcdahale:<\/mark> Bitki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam etsin diye ak\u015fam serinli\u011finde \u015eelatl\u0131 Demir (Fe-EDTA) ve \u015eelatl\u0131 \u00c7inko (Zn-EDTA) p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fcl\u00fcr (100 litre suya 100-150 gram \u015felatl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn). Yal\u0131n s\u00fclfat formlar\u0131 s\u0131cakta yapra\u011f\u0131 yakabilir, mutlaka \u015felatl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn se\u00e7ilmelidir.

K\u00f6kten Kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/mark> Damla sulamadan kire\u00e7li topra\u011fa uygun Fe-EDDHA \u015felatl\u0131 demir g\u00fcbresi verilir (sebzede dekara 100-150 g, a\u011fa\u00e7ta ya\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na 20-50 g).

Tank Y\u00f6netimi Uyar\u0131s\u0131:<\/mark> Demir \u015felatlar\u0131 g\u00fcbre tank\u0131nda suyla eritilip uzun s\u00fcre a\u00e7\u0131kta, hava ve g\u00fcne\u015f alt\u0131nda bekletilirse \u0131\u015f\u0131k (UV) y\u00fcz\u00fcnden par\u00e7alan\u0131r, \u00f6zelli\u011fi biter. Haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 an, bekletilmeden ak\u015fam serinli\u011finde topra\u011fa verilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genel Alt\u0131n Kurallar
Toprak \u00e7amur olmayacak, sadece nemli kalacak. K\u00f6k havalanamazsa bitki beslenemez.
G\u00fcbre \u201cfazla\u201d de\u011fil \u201cdo\u011fru zamanda ve dengeli\u201d verilecek. Fazla at\u0131lan g\u00fcbre ila\u00e7 de\u011fil, tuzdur.

Zararl\u0131ya sadece g\u00f6zle ve tarlay\u0131 bizzat gezerek karar verilecek. Yol kenarlar\u0131 ilk alarm merkezidir. En b\u00fcy\u00fck sorun \u00e7o\u011fu zaman g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcnen yaprakta de\u011fil, g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen k\u00f6k b\u00f6lgesindedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teknik Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bitki Besleme<\/a> Kacar, B., & Katkat, V. (2018). Bitki Besleme (6. Bask\u0131). Nobel Akademik Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k.
Y\u00fcksek Bitkilerin Mineral Beslenmesi<\/a> Marschner, P. (2012). Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants (3rd Edition). Academic Press.
Plant Physiology and Development<\/a> Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2018). (6th Edition). Sinauer Associates.
Ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi<\/a> ve Zeytin<\/a> T.C. Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (2018) Entegre M\u00fccadele Teknik Talimatlar\u0131. TAGEM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\n \"Levent\n <\/div>\n\n \n
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\u2022 2026 \u2022 SAHA NOTLARI \u2022<\/div>\n\n
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Levent Uzakg\u00f6ren<\/h3>\n YAZAR<\/span>\n <\/div>\n\n

\n “T\u00fcrkiye’de tar\u0131m bilincini, g\u00fcvenini ve birlikteli\u011fini yeniden in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k.\n Topra\u011f\u0131n haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 dijitalin g\u00fcc\u00fcyle birle\u015ftiriyoruz.”\n <\/p>\n\n

\n\n Taze Hayat Ekibi<\/strong>\n\n \n\n \n <\/path>\n <\/polyline>\n <\/svg>\n\n info@tazehayat.com.tr\n\n <\/a>\n\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
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\n <\/path><\/line><\/line><\/svg>\n \u00d6nemli Not ve Sorumluluk Reddi<\/span>\n <\/div>\n \n
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\n Bu dok\u00fcmanda yer alan t\u00fcm bilgi, \u00f6neri ve uygulamalar; hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve bitkisel \u00fcretim faaliyetlerine y\u00f6nelik genel bilgilendirme amac\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7erik, farkl\u0131 i\u015fletme ko\u015fullar\u0131, iklim, \u00e7evresel fakt\u00f6rler, hayvan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bitki geli\u015fim durumu gibi de\u011fi\u015fkenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilir.\n <\/p>\n

\n Bu dok\u00fcmanda belirtilen uygulamalar\u0131n, sahadaki ger\u00e7ek ko\u015fullar dikkate al\u0131nmadan do\u011frudan uygulanmas\u0131 sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek verim kayb\u0131, hastal\u0131k, zararl\u0131 olu\u015fumu, \u00fcr\u00fcn kayb\u0131 veya ekonomik zararlar ile ilgili herhangi bir sorumluluk kabul edilmez.\n <\/p>\n

\n Hayvan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik t\u00fcm uygulamalar\u0131n yetkili bir veteriner hekim kontrol\u00fcnde; bitkisel \u00fcretime y\u00f6nelik g\u00fcbreleme, ila\u00e7lama ve di\u011fer agronomik uygulamalar\u0131n ise ziraat m\u00fchendisi veya ilgili uzmanlar\u0131n \u00f6nerileri do\u011frultusunda planlanmas\u0131 ve uygulanmas\u0131 \u00f6nemle tavsiye edilir.\n <\/p>\n

\n Bu dok\u00fcman, profesyonel dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k hizmetinin yerine ge\u00e7mez.\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n