H\u0131yar (Cucumis sativus<\/em> L.), kabakgiller familyas\u0131ndan, meyvesi \u00e7o\u011funlukla fizyolojik olgunlu\u011fa ula\u015fmadan t\u00fcketilen bir s\u0131cak mevsim sebzesidir. G\u00fcnl\u00fck dilde salatal\u0131k olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dcretimde ilk karar, hangi tohumu alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan \u00f6nce, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc hangi pazara ve hangi yeti\u015ftirme sistemiyle sunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r. Sofral\u0131k grupta mini meyveli tipler, yerel \u00e7e\u015fitler, orta boy h\u0131yarlar ve uzun sera tipleri bulunur. Hepsinin kabu\u011fu ayn\u0131 incelikte de\u011fildir. Hasat boyu ve ta\u015f\u0131ma dayan\u0131m\u0131 da \u00e7e\u015fide g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Pazar\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck meyve istemesi, herhangi bir \u00e7e\u015fidi erkenden toplaman\u0131n ayn\u0131 kaliteyi sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tur\u015fuluk \u00e7e\u015fitler \u00e7o\u011funlukla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck meyveli, p\u00fcrt\u00fckl\u00fc veya dikenli y\u00fczeylidir; ancak y\u00fczey g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc tek ba\u015f\u0131na i\u015fleme kalitesini g\u00f6stermez.
Bu rehber; h\u0131yarlar\u0131 kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131na, yeti\u015ftirme alanlar\u0131na ve meyve \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re tan\u0131t\u0131r. Hobi bah\u00e7eleri ve ticari i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fit se\u00e7iminden hasada kadar temel kararlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n1. Kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re h\u0131yar tipleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Grup<\/th> \u00dcr\u00fcnde aranan \u00f6zellikler<\/th> \u00dcreticinin \u00f6ncelikli karar\u0131<\/th><\/tr><\/thead> Sofral\u0131k h\u0131yar<\/td> Taze t\u00fcketimde gevreklik, uygun kabuk yap\u0131s\u0131, renk ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm<\/td> Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n istedi\u011fi boy, ambalaj ve raf \u00f6mr\u00fc<\/td><\/tr> Tur\u015fuluk h\u0131yar<\/td> \u0130\u015flemeye uygun doku, hedef boy ve \u00e7ap, homojen \u00fcr\u00fcn<\/td> \u0130\u015fleyicinin \u00e7e\u015fit, kalibre ve teslim \u015fartlar\u0131<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n Sofral\u0131k h\u0131yarlar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tur\u015fuluk h\u0131yarlar ve korni\u015fonlar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Korni\u015fon ad\u0131 bir tek \u00e7e\u015fidi de\u011fil, tur\u015fuluk \u00fcr\u00fcn grubunu ifade eder. Bu grubu \u201cyava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcyen h\u0131yarlar\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlamak do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Meyveler hedef kalibreyi k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede a\u015fabilir. Elle ve tekrarl\u0131 hasatta toplama s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n boy s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 birlikte izlenmelidir. Tek seferlik mekanik hasat i\u00e7in kurulan sistemler ise farkl\u0131 planlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n