{"id":9886,"date":"2026-11-04T12:28:22","date_gmt":"2026-11-04T09:28:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tazehayat.com.tr\/?p=9886"},"modified":"2026-11-04T12:28:24","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T09:28:24","slug":"yagis-sonrasi-toprak-yonetimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tazehayat.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/11\/04\/yagis-sonrasi-toprak-yonetimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f Sonras\u0131 Toprak Y\u00f6netimi ve Tarlaya Giri\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f sonras\u0131 toprak y\u00f6netimi ve tarlaya giri\u015f zaman\u0131<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f sonras\u0131 toprak y\u00f6netimi; Ya\u011fmur dindikten sonra tarlan\u0131n y\u00fczeyi kurumu\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. \u0130\u015flenecek katman h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u0131slaksa trakt\u00f6r ge\u00e7i\u015fi topra\u011f\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilir, i\u015fleme aleti de topra\u011f\u0131 s\u0131vayabilir.

Tarlaya giri\u015f karar\u0131n\u0131 vermeden \u00f6nce suyun nerede kald\u0131\u011f\u0131na, topra\u011f\u0131n i\u015fleme derinli\u011findeki nemine ve bitkilerin durumuna bak\u0131n. Ayn\u0131 parselin y\u00fcksek ve \u00e7ukur kesimleri farkl\u0131 zamanlarda i\u015flenebilir duruma gelebilir.

University of Minnesota Extension \u2013 Islak ko\u015fullarda toprak i\u015fleme<\/a>, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach \u2013 Su bask\u0131n\u0131 sonras\u0131 tarla onar\u0131m\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Suyun birikti\u011fi yerleri belirleyin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcvenli eri\u015fim sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ukur kesimleri, tekerlek izlerini ve suyun tarlaya girip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalar\u0131 kontrol edin. Su birikintilerini, yeni oyuntular\u0131 ve kum ya da mil biriken yerleri foto\u011frafla veya krokiyle kaydedin. Bir sonraki kontrolde suyun nereden \u00e7ekildi\u011fini ve nerede kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bu kay\u0131tla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach \u2013 Su bask\u0131n\u0131 sonras\u0131 tarla onar\u0131m\u0131<\/a>

Ayn\u0131 noktada s\u0131k s\u0131k su birikiyorsa tahliye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, arazideki \u00e7ukurla\u015fmay\u0131 ve suyu y\u00f6nlendiren tekerlek izlerini inceleyin. Yeni bir oyuntu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde onar\u0131ma ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce suyun oraya hangi g\u00fczerg\u00e2htan ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyin. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach \u2013 Su bask\u0131n\u0131 sonras\u0131 tarla onar\u0131m\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toprak tav\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fleme derinli\u011finde kontrol edin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Toprak tav\u0131<\/strong>, topra\u011f\u0131n s\u0131vanmadan ve iri, yap\u0131\u015fkan kesekler olu\u015fturmadan i\u015flenebildi\u011fi nem durumudur. Ya\u011f\u0131\u015ftan sonra topra\u011f\u0131n ne kadar s\u00fcrede tava gelece\u011fi, b\u00fcnyesine ve suyun parselden ne h\u0131zla uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. University of Minnesota Extension \u2013 Islak ko\u015fullarda toprak i\u015fleme<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u0130\u015flemeyi planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z derinlikten \u00f6rnek al\u0131n.<\/strong> K\u00fcrekle hem daha kuru g\u00f6r\u00fcnen kesimi hem suyun ge\u00e7 \u00e7ekildi\u011fi kesimi kontrol edin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u00d6rne\u011fi avucunuzda s\u0131k\u0131n ve parmaklar\u0131n\u0131zla da\u011f\u0131t\u0131n.<\/strong> Elinizde belirgin \u0131slak iz kal\u0131yorsa veya \u00f6rnek kolayca yo\u011frulup yap\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa i\u015flemeyi erteleyip yeniden kontrol edin. Topra\u011f\u0131n hafif bas\u0131n\u00e7la ufalanmas\u0131, i\u015fleme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha elveri\u015fli bir durumdur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Sonucu toprak b\u00fcnyesine g\u00f6re yorumlay\u0131n.<\/strong> Kumlu toprak nemliyken de da\u011f\u0131labilir. Killi toprak ayn\u0131 nem durumunda daha kolay topak veya \u015ferit olu\u015fturabilir. El kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00fcrekle a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z kesitteki \u0131slakl\u0131kla birlikte de\u011ferlendirin. A\u011f\u0131r makineyle giri\u015f i\u00e7in zeminin y\u00fck alt\u0131nda iz b\u0131rakma riskini ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun. University of Minnesota Extension \u2013 Toprak neminin elle ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re tahmini<\/a>, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach \u2013 Islak toprakta ilkbahar ekimi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Zorunlu ge\u00e7i\u015fleri ve tekerlek izi onar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 planlay\u0131n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Giri\u015f ertelenemiyorsa \u0131slak kesimlerden ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n, ta\u015f\u0131nan y\u00fck\u00fc azalt\u0131n ve ge\u00e7i\u015fleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca ayn\u0131 hatlarda toplay\u0131n. Minnesota \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin \u0131slak hasat ko\u015fullar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik rehberi, s\u0131k\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 80\u2019inin ilk ge\u00e7i\u015fte olu\u015fabildi\u011fini bildirir.

    Yeni bir ge\u00e7i\u015f hatt\u0131 a\u00e7mak, ilk tekerlek bask\u0131s\u0131na maruz kalan alan\u0131 geni\u015fletir.     University of Minnesota Extension \u2013 Islak ko\u015fullarda toprak i\u015fleme<\/a>

    Y\u00fczeye uygulanan bas\u0131nc\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in radyal lastiklerin hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcreticinin y\u00fck ve h\u0131z tablosundaki uygun de\u011fere ayarlay\u0131n. Daha derindeki s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma riskini azaltmak i\u00e7in aks y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcn.

    Minnesota \u00dcniversitesi, \u0131slak hasat ko\u015fullar\u0131nda aks ba\u015f\u0131na 10 ABD k\u0131sa tonunun alt\u0131nda kalmay\u0131 \u00f6nerir. Bu de\u011fer yakla\u015f\u0131k 9 metrik tona kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir ve risk, topra\u011f\u0131n nemiyle birlikte de\u011ferlendirilir.     University of Minnesota Extension \u2013 Islak ko\u015fullarda toprak i\u015fleme<\/a>, University of Minnesota Extension \u2013 Toprak s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/a>

    Tekerlek izlerini d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in topra\u011f\u0131n i\u015flenebilir duruma gelmesini bekleyin. Y\u00fczeyi d\u00fczeltirken izlere a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 ve y\u00fczlek \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n. Minnesota \u00dcniversitesi rehberi, nemli ko\u015fullarda y\u00fczlek d\u00fczeltme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyorsa yakla\u015f\u0131k 7,6 cm\u2019yi (3 in\u00e7)<\/strong> a\u015fmamay\u0131 \u00f6nerir. \u0130z kapand\u0131ktan sonra alttaki s\u0131k\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrebilir. Derin i\u015fleme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyorsa \u00f6nce s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f katman\u0131n yeri ve derinli\u011fi belirlenmelidir.     University of Minnesota Extension \u2013 Islak ko\u015fullarda toprak i\u015fleme<\/a>, University of Minnesota Extension \u2013 Tekerlek izleri ve toprak s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Yeni ekimde kaymak tabakas\u0131na ve ekim olu\u011funa bak\u0131n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Kaymak tabakas\u0131<\/strong>, \u015fiddetli ya\u011fmurun ard\u0131ndan y\u00fczey kururken olu\u015fabilen sert kabuktur. \u00d6zellikle y\u00fczeyde az bitki art\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunan tarlalarda \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirebilir. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f seyrekse birka\u00e7 noktada kabu\u011fu dikkatlice kald\u0131r\u0131p canl\u0131 fidelerin alt\u0131nda kal\u0131p kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131n. Fideler kabu\u011fun alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015fsa ve zemin ge\u00e7i\u015fe elveri\u015fliyse \u00fcr\u00fcne ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f evresine uygun y\u00fczlek m\u00fcdahaleyi \u00f6nce k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir alanda deneyin. Devam etmeden \u00f6nce kabu\u011fun k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve fidelerin durumunu kontrol edin. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach \u2013 Kaymak tabakas\u0131 ve yan duvar s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/a>, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach \u2013 Kaymak tabakas\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131rma uygulamalar\u0131<\/a>

    Ekim olu\u011funda yan duvar s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>, ekim disklerinin \u0131slak topra\u011f\u0131 olu\u011fun iki yan\u0131nda s\u0131vamas\u0131yla olu\u015fabilir. Duvarlar kuruyup sertle\u015fti\u011finde k\u00f6kler yanlara yay\u0131lmakta zorlan\u0131r ve ekim \u00e7izgisi boyunca ilerleyebilir. Geli\u015fimi zay\u0131f s\u0131ralarda birka\u00e7 fideyi k\u00fcrekle, \u00e7evresindeki toprakla birlikte \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n. K\u00f6klerin y\u00f6n\u00fcne ve olu\u011fun yanlar\u0131nda d\u00fczg\u00fcn, s\u0131vanm\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyler bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131n.     Iowa State University Extension and Outreach \u2013 Kaymak tabakas\u0131 ve yan duvar s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Su \u00e7ekildikten sonra bitkiyi yeniden de\u011ferlendirin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Toprak uzun s\u00fcre suya doygun kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u00f6klerin oksijene eri\u015fimi azal\u0131r. Zarar\u0131n boyutu suyun kalma s\u00fcresine, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa, \u00fcr\u00fcne ve geli\u015fme d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Etkilenen kesimlerle suyun daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7ekildi\u011fi kesimleri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Yeniden ekim karar\u0131nda canl\u0131 bitki s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bitkilerin s\u0131ra \u00fczerindeki da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve ekim i\u00e7in kalan s\u00fcreyi birlikte de\u011ferlendirin. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach \u2013 F\u0131rt\u0131na ve su bask\u0131n\u0131 sonras\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn de\u011ferlendirmesi<\/a>, University of Minnesota Extension \u2013 M\u0131s\u0131rda zarar ve yeniden ekim de\u011ferlendirmesi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n